MIRANDA
Geopolitical division
It belonged to the County of Venezuela. Starting from 1830 it
begins to be part of others
entities during successive political-territorial divisions. In
1864 it arises as entity
autonomous. In 1891 it integrates the state White Guzmán. In 1899
it is included inside the
County of Caracas. In 1904 it becomes an autonomous entity. It is
divided in veintiún
municipalities and fifty three parishes.
MAP VIAL
It possesses a wide infrastructure vial and a great percentage of
freeways. It has the system
of transport underground Meter of Caracas from the station Chacaíto
to the station
terminal Green Stick. Among the important populations they are
counted: Baruta, Caucagua, Cúa,
Charallave, Guarenas, Guatire, Higuerote, Ocumare of the Tuy,
Petare, Small River, Santa Teresa,
Sacred Lucía and San Francisco of Yare.
Basic DATA
Capital
The Teques
Location
Capital region
Limits
North: Federal district and Caribbean Sea
South: Guárico, Aragua and Anzoátegui
This: Caribbean Sea
West: Aragua
Surface
7 950 km2
Percentage of the national territory
0,87%. it is the tenth seventh entity with bigger surface of the
country.
TOURISM
It has two natural monuments: the Cueva Alfredo Jahn, the second
more long of the country,
located in Windward, near Curiepe. And the Pico Codazzi, one of
the highest summits in the
Mountain range of the Costa, located in the limits of the states
Aragua and Miranda. In The Teques
she/he is the Park The Charm, to which you consents taking a
railroad in the station Those
Lakes. For the same area it is the picturesque town of The
Jarillo. The Sanctuary is in Cúa of
the Virgin of Betania. In Santa Lucía's Church, in the population
of the same name, you
she/he finds Santa Lucía's altarpiece, national monument made by
Domingo Gutiérrez, this way
as Santa Lucía's three statues. For the properties of Higuerote
it can leave to the island of
Crop with their crystalline waters. Other beaches of the cost
mirandinas frequented by those
inhabitant of Caracas are: Higuerote, Small River, Chirimena,
Chuspa and French Port. Other points of
interest of the state is the town of The Hatillo, the Parque Rómulo
Betancourt, the Park Those
Jets and the modern commercial centers: Sambil, Center Commercial
City Tamanaco
(C.C.C.T.), Concresa, Square The America, Good fortune, The
Cascade and The Large house.
Geography
Geology
She/he acquired their physiognomy in the third quaternary
superior. The headlands of the north coast
they come from a rising of the coast that was given in the
plioceno. It is located inside two
lines orográficas: the Serranía of the Coast and that of the
Interior, with a great depression among them, the
plain barloventeña, as well as the valleys of the Tuy and the
oriental part of the valley of Caracas.
Relief
Serranía of the Coast: it presents anticlinales, sinclinales,
flaws and diaclasas. A relief prevails
accident victim and abrupt, with pending discharges, irregular,
sharp crests and of deep
explode, besides straits you fence intramontanos. Serranía of the
Interior: lower than the one of the one
Coast. To the south it presents numerous landslide flaws that
serve as contact among those
different geologic formations, besides numerous fractures and
diaclasas in the rocks. The
relief has strong slopes that arrive up to 70%. Oriental Sector of
the Valley of
Caracas: it is a depression of the Serranía of the Coast. The
river Guaire divides it in two fringes that
they differ for their decline. Fence of the Tuy: they form a
depression among the two formations
orográficas, starting from which the plain barloventeña that
separates the serranías begins
of the Coast and of the Interior. Depression of Windward: plain of
sedimentary origin where you
they identify low landscapes and planes: fence, explayamiento
plains and marine coast subject to
a constant deposition of silts. The potential of agricultural
lands is located in the
depression Guarenas-Guatire, Half Tuy, valleys, plains and sectors
colinosos of Windward.
The plain of Windward is the one that presents bigger surface of
fertile lands. The lands of the one
Tuy Medio shows medium potential, but they have been underemployed
with cattle activities
and extensive cañícolas.
Climate
They exist several floors bioclimáticos that vary from the
tropical one, until the low montano. The
pluviosidad averages yearly it is of 1 300 and 1 500 mm, product
of the humid Trade winds
that they enter for Windward. The rains are present up to nine
months. The temperature
maxim and minimum it is of 27 ºC and 18 ºC, in the mountain
range. In the depressions the average is of
26 ºC.
Hydrography
The net hidrográfica presents short courses whose flow increases
gradually from the areas
drier until the most humid. The waters drenan toward the Caribbean
Sea. The main basin
it is that of the river Tuy, and the most important subcuencas
they are: Guaire, Cuira, Big, Guare,
Ocumarito, Lagartijo, Taguaza, Taguacita and Broken Charallave.
The readiness of resources
hídricos is scarce to be inside the biggest urban-industrial
conglomerate in the country. It counts
with the reservoirs: The Butterfly, Lagartijo, The Laziness,
Ocumarito, Dilutes Cold, Taguaza, The
Handsome and Dry Gulch. The biggest potential of underground
waters offers it the aquifer of
Windward. It possesses three lagoons: Tacarigua, Crop and The
Queen.
Vegetation
The vegetable formations are: forests, heaths, espinares,
herbazales, palmares and
swamps. The dense vegetation of the pluvial or rainy forest
contrasts with the xerófila that
it prevails in the slope that gives to the Caribbean. The mangrove
and the palmar are characteristic of the
coast. In the mountainous areas and in the interior valleys the
forest tropófila prevails. Those
forests are located on uneven landscapes. The forest resources are
represented for: apamate, escobo, guamo, hicaco, jabillo, jobo and
tobacco.
Fauna
The mammals are: deer reddish matacán or locho, limpet, picure
and monkey araguato. Among those
birds: ponchas and red guacamaya. They highlight among the
reptiles: the bell, the mapanare, the
leather jacket and the tragavenado. The frog platanera and the
common toad are abundant. In the coast
lagoons exist where it is possible the development of the fishing
activity,
represented by species like: cunaro, pargo, carite, jurel,
lebranche, bass, several types of
crab and shrimps. One has the haulage fishing that is selective
and it is located in the fishing
camaronera of Windward; lacustrine that is carried out in the
lagoon of Tacarigua and the handmade one
carried out along the coast.
Mineral resources
As for the mining potential, basically they are located limestone,
sand, burdens and clay. They are had
found iron deposits in Capaya.
Population
According to the XII General Census of Population and Housing
1990, Miranda concentrates a total
populational of 1 871 093 hab, being located in the second place
among the federal entities;
with a rate I average yearly of 3,1% above the national average
and a density of
235,4 hab/km2, almost twelve times the national average. Miranda
is one of the more spaces
towns, just by 0,9% of the national territory, she/he has near the
urban population's 10%.
This behavior is justified because great part of its territory
belongs to the area
metropolitan of Caracas through the municipalities: Chacao, The
Hatillo, Baruta, Sucre and the
parish Cecilio Acosta, and because due to the expansion necessity
that has had Caracas
it has been given the growth urbanístico like cities bedrooms of
The Teques, San Antonio
of the High ones, Carrizal, Guarenas, Guatire, and several
populated centers of the Half Tuy. Those
migratory processes, so much internal as of the exterior, they
have been intense and the capital region has
the main receptora.
NATIONAL PARKS
It possesses five national parks: The Ávila that shares with
Vargas and the Federal District;
it occupies the central tract of the Mountain range of the Costa.
Macarao that shares with the District
Federal. Guatopo, in the mountainous region of the Serranía of
the Interior, occupies the states
Miranda and Guárico. Lagoon of Tacarigua, in the region of
Windward.
Economic ACTIVITY
The industrial one is among the important economic activities,
mainly the manufacturer,
that it constitutes, together with that of the Federal District
(through the metropolitan area of Caracas and
their expansion areas: Pan-American highway, Guarenas-Guatire and
Half Tuy) the first
group urban manufacturer of the country. They highlight in the
industrial environment: products
metalmecánicos, chemical and nutritious, alcoholic and gassy
drinks, graphic arts,
fabrics and footwears, among others. The financial, commercial
activities and of services they have
great importance. The development of the sector tourism has come
in ascent with the construction of
facilities and hotel infrastructures. The agricultural activities
continue having its
traditional importance, being the first producing of milky, yam,
ocumo and cocoa; the one
second in caraota, and the third in coconut and orange. It is also
cultivated: yucca, corn, cambur,
banana and mandarin. In the cattle sector, it is the second in the
production of swinish livestock.
TRADITIONS
One of the celebrations more popular barloventeñas is the party
in homage to San Juan, the
which is carried out June 24. During the acts in honor to this
patron saint, they are carried out
masses during the midnight, the dawn and the night of the
celebration. The 23 are the Wake of
San Juan, in which is sung the saint in the altar where she/he is
prepared for the following day,
when she/he is carried out the procession to the church where a
mass is officiated in its honor. Of there
it leaves to travel the town until arriving at the house of where
it left. It is there where people meet
to continue dancing until the dawn. In some populations she/he is
carried out the 25 the Funeral
of San Juan, with a similar journey to the one carried out the
previous day to say goodbye to the saint until the one
next year. In these celebrations the calls drum blows are
executed. Through the
letter of the songs, loaded with improvisations, the soloist is
alternated with the choir. The instrument
it is par excellence the drum it mines, accompanied by the curbata
for the touches that are taken to
end in the streets of the town. For the music that is interpreted
in the houses it is used
frequently the round drum or ass é goad.
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